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May Coup (Poland)
The May Coup d'État ((ポーランド語:Przewrót majowy) or ) was a coup d'état carried out in Poland by Marshal Józef Piłsudski between 12 and 14 May 1926. The coup overthrew the government of President Stanisław Wojciechowski and Prime Minister Wincenty Witos. A new government was installed, headed by Lwów Polytechnic Professor Kazimierz Bartel.
Initially Piłsudski was offered the presidency, but he declined in favor of Ignacy Mościcki. Piłsudski, however, remained the most influential politician in Poland, and became the power behind the throne until his death in 1935.
== Buildup ==
In November 1925 the government of Prime Minister Władysław Grabski was replaced by the government of Prime Minister Aleksander Skrzyński, which had received support from the National Democracy and the Polish Socialist Party (''PPS''). General Lucjan Żeligowski became the new government's minister of military affairs. However, after the ''PPS'' withdrew its support, this government also fell and was replaced by that of Prime Minister Wincenty Witos, formed by Polish People's Party "Piast" and ''Chrześcijański Związek Jedności Narodowej'' (''Chjeno-Piast''). However, the new government had even less popular support than the previous ones, and pronouncements from Józef Piłsudski, who viewed the constant power shifts in the ''Sejm'' (Polish parliament) as chaotic and damaging, set the stage for a ''coup d'état''.
Apart from domestic turmoil, Polish politics had been shaken by a trade war with Germany, begun in June 1925, and by the signing of the Treaty of Locarno on October 16. Under the terms of the treaty, the World War I western European Allied powers and the new states of Central and Eastern Europe sought to secure a postwar territorial settlement in return for normalized relations with defeated Germany.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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